Publications

Peer-Reviewed Journal Articles

T. Kerber, N. Taylor, K. Lemmer, R. Antypas, V. Stahl, and D. Eckhardt "Stochastic Emission in Passively Fed Single-Emitter Porous-Media Ionic Liquid Ion Sources," Journal of Propulsion and Power, 2024. doi.org/10.2514/1.B39547

N. R. Taylor, M. H. Brummel, M. M. Mooney, T. V. Kerber, and K. M. Lemmer "On the Formation of Ammonia from the Thermal Decomposition of Hydroxylammonium Nitrate Vapor," Journal of Ionic Liquids, 2024. doi: 10.1016/j.jil.2024.100083

N. R. Taylor and K. Lemmer "Laser-Induced Fluorescence Detection of Nitroxyl (HNO) Formed from the Thermal Decomposition of Hydroxylammonium Nitrate Vapor," Journal of Ionic Liquids, 2024. doi: 10.1016/j.jil.2024.100084

A. Thomas and K. Lemmer “Time-resolved Ion Energy Measurements Using A Retarding Potential Analyzer for Electric Propulsion Applications,” Review of Scientific Instruments, January 2024. doi: 10.1063/5.0176167

A. Begoña., K. Alberi, et al “The 2022 Applied Physics by Pioneering Women: A Roadmap,” Journal of Physics D: Appied Physics, 56, 7, 2023. doi: 10.1088/1361-6463/ac82f9

R. Gamage, P. Hettikankanange, K. D. Lyman, D. E. Austin, and N. R. Taylor "Simplified coaxial ion trap: Simulation-based geometry optimization, unidirectional ejection, and trapping conditions," International Journal of Mass Spectrometry, vol. 474, 2022. doi: 10.1016/j.ijms.2022.116801

M. Baird, R. McGee-Sinclair and K. Lemmer, "Time-Resolved Ion Energy Measurements using a Retarding Potential Analyzer," Review of Scientific Instruments, 92, 077306, 2021. doi: 10.1063/5.0039621

M. Baird, T. Kerber, R. McGee-Sinclair, and K. Lemmer, "Plume Divergence and Discharge Oscillations of an Accessible Low-Power Hall Effect Thruster," Applied Sciences special Issue for Space Propulsion, Vol. 11, 1973, 2021. doi: 10.3390/app1041973

A. Spring, K. Domingue, T. Kerber, M. Mooney, R. Hale, K. Lemmer, and K. Docherty “Land use effects on airborne bacterial communities are evident in both near-surface and higher-altitude air,” Diversity, Vol. 13(2), 85, 2021. doi: 10.3390/d13020085.

J. Miles, C. Murray, A. Ross, K. Lemmer, J. Russell, and S. Adams “Time resolved electron density and temperature measurements via Thomson scattering in an atmospheric nanosecond pulsed discharge,” Plasma Sources Science and Technology, Vol. 29, 07LT02, 2020. doi: 10.1088/1361-6595/aba114

A. Spring, K. Docherty, K. Domingue, T. Kerber, M. Mooney, and K. Lemmer “A method for collecting atmospheric microbial samples from set altitudes for use with next generation sequencing techniques to characterize communities,” Air, Soil and Water Research, Vol. 11, 2018. doi: 10.1177/1178622118788871

K. Docherty, D. Pearce, K. Lemmer, and R. Hale “Distributing regionally, distinguishing locally: Examining the underlying effects of local land use on airborne bacterial biodiversity,” Environmental Microbiology, 2018. doi: 10.1111/1462-2920.14307

M. Baird and K. Lemmer “Investigation of the Effects of Gimbaling and Magnetic Attitude Control on an Integrated CubeSat Ion Thruster,” Journal of Small Satellites, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 665-681, 2018.

Kidd, F.G., Taylor, N.R., and Lemmer, K.M., “Decomposition of hydroxylammonium nitrate in a low pressure flowing thermal capillary system,” Journal of Molecular Liquids, (2018). DOI: 10.1016/J.MOLLIQ.2018.04.065.

Lemmer, K., “Propulsion for CubeSats,” Acta Astronautica, Vol. 134, pp. 231-243, (2017). DOI: 10.1016/j.actaastro.2017.01.048.

Hudson, J., Spangelo, S., Hine, A., Kolosa, D., and Lemmer, K., “Mission Analysis for CubeSats with Micropropulsion,” Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets, Vol. 53, No. 5 (2016). DOI: 10.2514/1.A33564, 2016.

Lemmer, K.M., Kirtley, D. E., “Complex Plasma Structure Observed in the Inlet of an Argon Radio-Frequency Discharge,” IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, Vol. 42, No. 12, pp. 4038-4039, 2014.

Lemmer, K.M., Gallimore, A. D. Smith, T. B., Davis, C. N., and Peterson, P., “Experimental Results for Communications Blackout Amelioration Using Crossed Electric and Magnetic Fields,” Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets (AIAA), Vol. 46, No. 6, 2009).

Lemmer, K. M., Gallimore, A. D., and Smith, T. B., “Using a helicon source to simulate atmospheric re-entry plasma densities and temperatures in a laboratory setting,” Plasma Sources Sci. Technology, 18, 2009, March, 025019.

Conference Publications

2024: International Electric Propulsion Conference in Toulouse, France

Alvesteffer, L., Adams, D., Tuckey, A., Mooney, M., and Lemmer K., "Design of Agnostic Electric Propulsion Telemetry System," IEPC-2024-530, 38th International Electric Propulsion Conference, Toulouse, FR, June 2024.

Asif, M., Cotton, J. C., Byers, J., and Lemmer, K., “System Stability Preparations for Wear-Testing of the Western Miniature ECR Gridded Ion Thruster,” IEPC-2024-612, 38th International Electric Propulsion Conference, Toulouse, France, June 2024.

Kerber, T., Allwine, N., Sanchez, C., Taylor, N., and Lemmer, K., “High-Resolution Mass Spectra of a Single-Emitter Passively-Fed Ionic Liquid Ion Source,” IEPC-2024-197, 38th International Electric Propulsion Conference, Toulouse, France, June 2024.

Mooney, M., Lemmer, K., and Lobbia, R. “Effect of Induced Hall Thruster Discharge Current Oscillations on External Cathode Plume Ion Population” IEPC-2024-724, 38th International Electric Propulsion Conference, Toulouse, France, June 2024.

Mooney, M., Klang, G., and Lemmer K. “Analysis of Stability Regime for Hollow Cathode on Noble Gas Propellants” IEPC-2024-696, 38th International Electric Propulsion Conference, Toulouse, France, June 2024.

Thomas, A., Alvesteffer, A., & Lemmer, K. “Time-Resolved Ion Energy Measurements of a 200-W Hall Effect Thruster with a High-Speed Retarding Potential Analyzer,” IEPC-2024-262, 38th International Electric Propulsion Conference, Toulouse, France, June 2024.

Thomas, A., Alvesteffer, A., & Lemmer, K. “Initial Testing of an Electrical Coupling Confinement Cage for Electric Propulsion Testing,” IEPC-2024-261, 38th International Electric Propulsion Conference, Toulouse, France, June 2024.

Thomas, A., Lemmer, K., Cabera, J., Walker, M., Topham, T., & Foster, J. “High-Speed Far-Field Energy Measurements in a 9-kW Hall Effect Thruster for Model Inference and Calibration,” IEPC-2024-459, 38th International Electric Propulsion Conference, Toulouse, France, June 2024.

2024: AIAA SciTech Forum

Mooney, M. and Lemmer, K. "The effect of probe separation distance on the analysis of plasma waves in a cathode plasma," AIAA 2024-0923, AIAA SCITECH 2024 Forum, Orlando, FL, January 2024.

2022: Joint Army Navy NASA Air Force Conference in Huntsville, AL

Mooney, M. and Georgin, M. CUI Title Joint Army Navy NASA Air Force Conference, Huntsville, AL, December 5th-9th, 2022.

Taylor, N., and Lemmer, K. “Laser-Induced Fluorescence Detection of the Nitroxyl (HNO)

Radical via Thermal Decomposition of Hydroxylammonium Nitrate and ASCENT

Monopropellants,” 12th Spacecraft Propulsion Joint Army, Navy, NASA, Air Force Conference,

Huntsville, AL, December 2022

2022: International Electric Propulsion Conference in Boston, Massachusetts

Asif, M., Watts, H., Allwine, N., Fouch, L., Baiocchi, J., Hefferan, L., Adams, D., and Lemmer, K., "Design and Development of a Torsional Thrust Stand for mNs Thrust Measurements," 37th International Electric Propulsion Conference, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA, June 19-23, 2022.

Kerber, T., Sargent, H., Lemmer, K., and Ryan, C., "Effects of Extractor Axial Position on Porous Ionic Liquid Ion Source Performance," 37th International Electric Propulsion Conference, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA, June 19-23, 2022.

Mooney, M. and Lemmer, K., "Wave characterization of a hollow cathode plume in a HETlike magnetic field," 37th International Electric Propulsion Conference, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA, June 19-23, 2022.

Thomas, A., Asif, M., and Lemmer, K. (2022). “Performance Evaluation of an Electron Cyclotron Resonance Thruster.” 37th International Electric Propulsion Conference, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA, June 19-23, 2022.

Thomas, A., Watts, H., and Lemmer, K. (2022). “Development and Initial Testing of a Plasma Confinement Cage.” 37th International Electric Propulsion Conference, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA, June 19-23, 2022.

2019: International Electric Propulsion Conference in Vienna, Austria

Kerber, T., Baird, M., McGee-Sinclair, R., Lemmer, K., “Background Pressure Effects on Plume Properties of a Low-Cost Hall Effect Thruster,” IEPC-2019-513, 36th International Electric Propulsion Conference, Vienna, Austria, September 16-20 2019.

Mooney, M., Baird, M., Lemmer, K., “Featherweight Heaterless Hollow Cathode Characterization”, 36th International Electric Propulsion Conference, Vienna, Austria, September 16-20, 2019.

2017: International Electric Propulsion Conference in Atlanta, GA

Baird, M., Simmons, N., and Lemmer, K., “Design and Initial Operation of a Small Low-Cost Hall Thruster,” IEPC-2017-534, 35th International Electric Propulsion Conference, Atlanta, GA, October 2017.

Baird, M., Simmons, N., and Lemmer, K., “Performance characterization of a small low-cost Hall thruster,” IEPC-2017-535, 35th International Electric Propulsion Conference, Atlanta, GA, October 2017.

Lev, D. Myers, R., Lemmer, K., Kolbeck, J., Keidar, M., Koizumi, H., Liang, H., Yu, D., Schoenherr, T., Gonzalez del Amo, J., Choe, W., Albertoni, R., Hart, W., Hofer, R., Hoskins, A., Funaki, I., Lovtsov, A., Polzin, K., Yan, S., Olshanskii, A., and Duchemin, O., “The Technological and Commercial Expansion of Electric Propulsion in the Past 24 Years,” IEPC-2017-242, 35th International Electric Propulsion Conference, Atlanta, GA, October 2017.

2017: Advanced Maui Optical and Space Surveillance (AMOS) Conference in Wailea, HI

Hudson, J. and Lemmer, K., “Plasma Spectroscopy CubeSat: A Demonstration of On-Orbit Electric Propulsion System Diagnostics,” Advanced Maui Optical and Space Surveillance (AMOS) Conference, Wailea, HI, September 2017.

2017: 23rd International Symposium on Plasma Chemistry in Montreal, Canada

Kidd, F. and Lemmer, K., “Plasma Chemistry of Partially Ionized Hydroxylammonium Nitrate: Interactions with H2O, NO, and NO2 Ions,” 23rd International Symposium on Plasma Chemistry, Montreal, Canada, July 30-August 4, 2017.

2015: AIAA Space Conference in Pasadena, CA

Hudson, J., Lemmer, K., Hine, A., “Integration of Micro Electric Propulsion System for CubeSat Orbital Maneuvers," AIAA SPACE, Pasadena, CA, August 31 - September 2, 2015.

2015: 34th International Electric Propulsion Conference in Kobe, Japan

Lemmer, K.M., Huang, W., Shastry, R., Kamhawi, H., “Hall Thruster Discharge Wall Erosion as a Function of Operating Condition and Background Pressure,” IEPC 2015-279, 34th International Electric Propulsion Conference, Kobe, Japan, July 6-10, 2015.

Hine, A.D., Lemmer, K.M., “Effect of Plasma Plume on CubeSat Structures as a Function of Thrust Vectoring,” IEPC 2015-157, 34th International Electric Propulsion Conference, Kobe, Japan, July 6-10, 2015.

Kidd, F.G., Baird, M.J., Neff, G.A., Lemmer, K.M., “Experimental Vaporization and Computational Modeling of Ionization of Hydroxylammonium Nitrate in Vacuum Conditions,” IEPC 2015-237, 34th International Electric Propulsion Conference, Kobe, Japan, July 6-10, 2015.

2015: 62nd JANNAF in Nashville, TN

Lemmer, K.M., Kidd, F.G., Neff, G.A., “Preliminary Setup and Simulation for the Vaporization and Ionization of Ionic Liquids,” 62nd Joint Army Navy NASA Air Force (JANNAF) Propulsion Meeting/10th MSS/8th LPS/7th SPS Joint Subcommittee Meeting, Nashville, TN, June 1-5, 2015.

2014: 50th AIAA Joint Propulsion Conference in Cleveland, OH

Lemmer, K.M., Hine, A., Neff, G., “Establishing an In Situ Technique for Measuring Boron Nitride Erosion,” 50th Joint Propulsion Conference at the AIAA Energy and Propulsion Forum, Cleveland, OH, July 28-30, 2014.

2009: 31st International Electric Propulsion Conference in Ann Arbor, MI

Lemmer, K. M., and Gallimore, A. D., “Using a Helicon Source to Simulate Atmospheric Re-entry Plasma Densities,” 31st International Electric Propulsion Conference, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, September 20 – 24, 2009.

2007: 30th International Electric Propulsion Conference in Florence, Italy

Lemmer, K. M., Gallimore, A. D., Smith, T. B., and Austin, D. R., “Review of Two Retarding Potential Analyzers for Use in High Density Helicon Plasma,” Proceedings of the 30th International Electric Propulsion Conference, Florence, Italy, September 17 – 20, 2007.

Nguyen, S. V. T., Lemmer, K. M., Gallimore, A. D., and Foster, J. E., “Identifying Plasma Species in High Density Helicon Plasmas Produced from Water Vapor,” Proceedings of the 30th International Electric Propulsion Conference, Florence, Italy, September 17 – 20, 2007.

2007: IEEE Pulsed Power and Plasma Sciences Conference in Albuquerque, NM

Lemmer, K. M., Gallimore, G. D., Smith, T. B., Nguyen, S. B. T., Morris, D., Davis, C., and Zagel, J., “Simulating Hypersonic Atmospheric Conditions in a Laboratory Setting Using a 15-cm-diameter Helicon Source,” Proceedings of the 2007 IEEE Pulsed Power and Plasma Science Conference, Albuquerque, NM, June 17 – 22, 2007.

Nguyen, S. V. T., Lemmer, K. M., Gallimore, A. D., and Smith, T. B., “An Experimental Study of Hydrogen Production by Dissociation of Water Vapor in a Helicon Plasma Source,” Proceedings of the 2007 IEEE Pulsed Power and Plasma Science Conference, Albuquerque, NM, June 17 – 22, 2007.

2006: 42nd AIAA Joint Propulsion Conference in Sacramento, CA

Beal, B. E., Gallimore, A. D., Morris, D. P., Davis, C. and Lemmer, K. M., “Development of an Annular Helicon Source for Electric Propulsion Applications,” AIAA-2006-5240, 42nd AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit, Sacramento, CA, July 2006.

Conference Posters and Presentations

2023: Michigan Space Grant Consortium in Kalamazoo, MI

Allwine, N., Kerber, T., Taylor, N., and Lemmer, K. "Optical Study of Photoemission During Operation of Porus Emitter Ionic Liquid Ion Source," Michigan Space Grant Consortium, Kalamazoo, MI, October 23rd, 2023.

2023 Gaseous Electronics Conference in Ann Arbor, MI

Kerber, T., Sargent, H., Lemmer, K., Taylor, N., "High-Speed Characteristics of Ion Emission Onset in a Passively-fed Ionic Liquid Ion Source," Gaseous Electronics Conference, Ann Arbor, MI, October 9-13, 2023.

Mooney, M., Lemmer, K., and Klang, G. "Analysis of Alternative Propellants on the Dynamic and Turbulent Behavior of a Cathode Plasma," Gaseous Electronics Conference, Ann Arbor, MI, October 9-13, 2023.

2017: Region III AIAA Conference in Ann Arbor, MI

Domingue, K. and Lemmer, K., “Atmospheric Microbial Community Sampling System for Varying Altitude Collection,” 2017 Region III AIAA Conference, Ann Arbor, MI, March 24 – 25, 2017.

2016: 58th Meeting of the APS Division of Plasma Physics in San Jose, CA

Kidd, F. and Lemmer, K., “Investigation of Partially Ionized Hydroxylammonium Nitrate,” 58th Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Plasma Physics, Vol. 61, No. 18, San Jose, CA, October 31-November 4, 2016.

2016: Michigan Space Grant Consortium Conference in Ann Arbor, MI

Mooney, M., Spring, A., Lemmer, K., Docherty, K., Domingue, K., and Kerber, T., “Airborne Microbiome Project,” 2016 Michigan Space Grant Consortium Conference, Ann Arbor, MI, October 8, 2016.

2015: 57th Meeting of the APS Division of Plasma Physics in Savannah, GA

Proctor, C. and Lemmer, K., “Studying Simple Molecular Ionization using Radiation Emission Spectroscopy,” 57th Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Plasma Physics, Vol. 60, No. 19, Savannah, GA, November 16-20, 2015.

2015: 7th Annual Argonne Soil Metagenomics Meeting in Naperville, IL

Docherty, K. M., Lemmer, K. M., and Hale, R. L., “Terrestrial Influences on Airborne Microbial Communities,” 7th Annual Argonne Soil Metagenomics Meeting, Naperville, Illinois, October 20 – 23, 2015.

2009: 10th International Workshop on the Interrelationship between Plasma Experiments in Laboratory and Space in Djuronaset, Sweden

Lemmer, K. M., and Gallimore, A. D., “Using Crossed Electric and Magnetic Fields to Mitigate Atmospheric Re-Entry Communications Blackout,” 10th International Workshop on the Interrelationship between Plasma Experiments in Laboratory and Space (IPELS), Djuronaset, Sweden, June 8 – 12, 2009.

2006: Asian Pacific Conference on Plasma Science and Technology in Cairns, Australia

Lemmer, K. M., Gallimore, A. D., Morris, D. P., Davis, C., Boyd, I, and Keidar, M., “Development, Fabrication and Testing of a 15-cm-diameter Helicon Source for Reentry Simulation,” 8th Asian Pacific Conference on Plasma Science and Technology Poster Presentation, Cairns, Queensland, Australia, July 2006.

2006: 33rd IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science in Traverse City, MI

Lemmer, K. M., Gallimore, A. D., Morris, D. P., Davis, C., Boyd, I., and Keidar, M., “Development, Fabrication and Testing of a 15-cm-diameter Helicon Source,” 33rd IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science Poster Presentation, Traverse City, MI, June 2006